International Circulation: And what is your advice on the prevention and treatment of that condition?
国际循环：在这种情况下，您对于预防和治疗的建议是什么？

Prof. Roxana Mehran: Unfortunately， prevention has not been well documented.  Although many strategies have been attempted， not much has worked thus far.  The only thing we know is that hydrating patients with normal saline， and really taking good care and limiting the contrast volume -- using iso- or low-osmolar contrast media -- have been helpful in reducing the risk of contrast induced acute kidney injury in patients.  These kinds of measures have to be taken into account before the procedure， during the procedure and after the procedure.
Prof. Roxana Mehran: 不幸的是，预防措施并没有被很好地阐明。尝试过许多的研究，但大多数不起作用。目前唯一知道的是对患者额外输入生理盐水，这真正有保护作用，并可限制造影剂容积，其中使用等渗或低渗透压造影剂-对患者有帮助。在操作前，操作中和操作后都要考虑这些措施。